Encoding

Encoding in communication refers to the process by which the sender translates their thoughts or ideas into a message that can be understood by others.

This process involves selecting words, symbols, gestures, or other means to convey the intended meaning. This process involves select the media or channels: spoken, text, video, demonstration, and so forth.

Effective encoding maximize the impact of one’s message while also miminizing drawbacks (time, cost, effort, hassles, and so on).

Decoding

Decoding in communication refers to the process by which the receiver interprets and understands the message transmitted by the sender.

This process involves extracting meaning by understanding words, understanding ideas, interpreting body language, picking up feelings, deciphering symbols, asking questions, paraphrasing, looking things up, and such.

Effective encoding maximizes ones’ ability to gain value from messages while minimizing drawbacks (time, cost, effort, conflict, and so forth).